What is the outcome of a negative correlation between two variables?

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A negative correlation between two variables indicates an inverse relationship, meaning that as one variable increases, the other variable decreases. This type of correlation is quantified by a correlation coefficient that ranges from -1 to 0, where -1 signifies a perfect negative correlation.

For instance, if you were examining the relationship between the amount of time spent studying (one variable) and the number of errors made on a test (the second variable), a negative correlation would suggest that as study time increases, the number of errors tends to decrease. This relationship highlights how changes in one variable can lead to opposite changes in the other, clearly illustrating the nature of a negative correlation.

The other options do not accurately describe the essence of a negative correlation—the statement about both variables increasing together describes a positive correlation, while the claim of both variables remaining constant or being correlated in an unpredictable manner does not capture the systematic nature of correlation that can be observed in data.